International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Research

Volume 2 Issue 5 (September-October 2019)

    • Decision for Immediate Breast Reconstruction Dosurgeons Make Sensible Choices?
      Background:
      Having diagnosis of breast cancer is very difficult and facing mastectomy has large impact on women’s self picture and confidence. Making the best decision about right timing of breast reconstruction following mastectomy can affect outcome and women’s well being largely.1Current UK national guidelines recommend reconstruction discussion for all women undergoing mastectomy for breast cancer. The decision for immediate reconstruction lies with the surgeon, based on patient's choice, comorbidities and expected post operative adjuvant treatments. This should take into account specifically radiotherapy which may affect reconstruction outcome. 2




      • Awareness of Oral Health among University of Cape Coast Primary School Pupils
        Abstract:
        In 2017, World Oral Health was commemorated in Ghana with a campaign organized by Unilever Ghana and its global counterparts in collaboration with the Ghana Education Service, Ghana Dental Association and the Ministry of Health. The campaign sought to help pupils build better brushing habits forhealthy teeth throughout adulthood. Statistics provided at the event indicated that 40 percent of children of 12 years suffer from decayed, missing and stained teeth as well as bad breath. The organizers also explained to the pupils that these situations could affect their overall general health as well as academic work. Against this backdrop, this work sought to discuss the oral health situation among the pupils of the University of Cape Coast Primary School by assessing the level of knowledge the pupils have concerning oral health, factors that compel the guardians to utilize oral health services for their wards and to suggest ways to promote the situation. A modified questionnaire based on the Dental Health Survey Mainstage Questionnaire was used for the study. From the findings of the study the level of awareness and/or knowledge concerning oral health was not encouraging. Again, the findings did not support the assertion that unavailability of dental facilities is a prime reason for low patronage of dental services in Ghana. Pain also continues to be the compelling community factor. Oral healthcare providers should be resourced and well-motivated to push oral health campaigns.

        Keywords:–Awareness, Dental, Oral health, Pupil




        • Effect of Placental Malaria on Perinatal Mortality among Pregnant Women in IMO State University Teaching Hospital (IMSUTH), Orlu, Imo State, Nigeria
          Abstract:
          Malaria in pregnancy is a major public health problem in endemic areas of sub-Saharan Africa and has important consequences on birth outcome. The study embarked on a prospective cohort of pregnant women who completed antenatal care at Imo State University Teaching Hospital (IMSUTH). Between February 2014 and June 2017, 936 women were enrolled in a prospective cohort study. At delivery blood smear and placental biopsy were obtained from the placenta to check for placental malaria (microscopic examination and histology respectively). Blood smear and tissue obtained from the placenta was processed using standard methods. The study revealed that 11.2% had stillbirths, 17.5% were lost before 20th week of pregnancy and 71.3% were life births. Placental malaria was significantly associated with perinatal mortality in the study population (𝑥2 = 142.93; P < 0.05). Placental malaria significantly affected perinatal mortality based on gravidity (𝑥2 = 115.15; P<0.05) and maternal age groups (𝑥2 = 115.32; P<0.05). Multivariate analysis in this study indicated that the odds of having a stillbirth is 25.85, i.e. over 25 times more than those who were not exposed to placental malaria. The study further revealed that the odds of having a stillbirth is 27.63, i.e. over 27 times more than those who were not exposed to placental malaria. The study suggests that any meaningful control measures in pregnancy should start as early as possible to curb the menace of miscarriages and still birth




          • Place of Laparoscopic Approach in Non-Palpable Testis Management on Children: a Review about 20 Cases
            Abstract:
            PURPOSE: The objective of this work is to report the results of laparoscopy in the management of non-palpable testis at the pediatric surgery department over a two-year period. PATIENTS AND METHODS: we report a study on the interest of laparoscopy in impalpable testis, carried out over a period of two years, at the Pediatric Surgery Department of Albert Royer Children's Hospital in Dakar and the General Surgery Department of Heinrich LUBKE Hospital in Diourbel. Laparoscopy was used as the first-line approach to locate and reposition the test is in the scrotal sac. RESULTS: The average age of the children was 4.7 years with extremes of 2.5 and 6 years. The right side was affected in 8 patients, the left side in 11 patients, whereas the disease was bilateral in one patient. Out of the 21 investigated non-palpable test is, coelios copy identified 14 testis aside the inguinal canal deep orifice, 4 in ectopic position and 3 agenesis testis. We performed 14 single-stage repositioning, 4 two-stage repositioning according to Fowler Stephens method, and 3 cases of residue ablations. Post-operative follow-up was conducted in 13 patients and revealed that 11 testicles were in intrascrotal position and 2 non-palpable. Testicular size remained normal in 10 of the 13 patients after surgery; one case of atrophy was recorded in a patient who underwent a two-stage repositioning. Testicular ascent was not recorded. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic approach is our core therapy procedureof impalpable testicles because of its low morbidity and a high success rate.

            Keywords:non-palpable testicle, child, laparoscopy




            • Claudius Amyand's Hernia: A Review of Four Cases Collected in the Pediatric Surgery Department at Albert Royer Children's Hospital
              Abstract:
              Acute appendicitis can sometimes take unusual forms. Among them, there is Amyand's hernia, which corresponds to the development of appendicitis within a parietal hernia. It's a rare condition. This case series describes four observations of children, who presented inguinal hernia symptoms. Amyand's hernia diagnosis was not discussed before surgery and no imaging investigation was performed. Mostly the treatment consists of an appendectomy and a hernial repair. No complication was recorded. The purpose of our work is to compare our management with the data in the literature in order to allow an appropriate diagnosis and therapeutic approach.

              Keywords:Amyand's hernia, appendectomy




              • Knowledge and Attitude of Osteoarthritis Management Among Primary Health Care Physicians at Primary Health Care Centers of Ministry of Health Inside Makkah Al-Mukarramah City, 2018
                Abstract:
                Background: The primary goal of Osteoarthritistreatment is educating the patient, minimizing pain, and improving joint function. Objectives: To estimate the level of knowledge and attitude of osteoarthritis management among primary health care PHC physiciansinside Makkah city, 2018, and identify factors affecting them.Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study, includes a sample of PHC physicians working at PHC centres of the ministry of health in Makkah city. A Self-administered questionnaire was utilized for data collection. Results: The study included 136 physicians. Overall, the knowledge score ranged between 2 and 10 (out of 10). There was no statistically significant difference in the knowledge between physicians according to age, gender, nationality, qualification, and experience. The majority of the physicians agreed that osteoarthritis is a common health problem in Saudi Arabia, more attention should be offered to osteoarthritis patients, recommended establishing Saudi guidelines, and perceived that PHC physicians can achieve a major role in control of osteoarthritis. Conclusion: Overall knowledge of PHC physicians in Makkah city regarding Osteoarthritis is acceptable. Their attitude towards the importance of the disease was promising. Conduct Saudi guidelines and further studies to assess the practice of PHC physicians regarding osteoarthritis, is recommended.

                Keywords:Osteoarthritis, Knowledge, attitude, primary healthcare